Fundamentals of oop class object encapsulation abstraction inheritance polymorphism reusability. Which is the best book to learn the concepts of object. Oopl incorporates logical classes, objects, methods, relationships and other processes with the design of software and applications. Also defined as deriving new classes sub classes from existing ones such as super class or base class and then forming them into a hierarchy of classes. This stepbystep tutorial teaches you all language options and explains their sensible utilization. Object oriented programming 7 purpose of the coursepurpose of the course to introduce several programming paradigms including objectoriented programming, generic programming, design patterns to show how to use these programming schemes with. Introduction 2 pure objectoriented languages five rules source. Definition oop is an approach that provides a way of modularizing programs by creating. It was developed by bjarne stroustrup in 1979 at bell laboratories in murray hill, new jersey. It covers basic topics like inputoutput streams, namespaces, classes and objects, constructors, function overloading, function overriding through to advanced topics such as inheritance, polymorphism, templates, exception handling, file handling etc. Procedural programming is about writing procedures or functions that perform operations on the data, while objectoriented programming is about creating objects that contain both data and functions. It is a userdefined data type, which holds its own data members and member functions, which can be. It stresses the strengths of c, which provide students with the means of writing efficient, maintainable and portable code.
The basic unit of oop is a class, which encapsulates both the static attributes and dynamic behaviors within a box, and specifies the public interface for using these boxes. From its name, it seems like objectoriented programming is all about objects. For example, a person is an object which has certain properties such as height, gender, age, etc. In objectoriented programming, inheritance is the mechanism of basing an object or class upon another object prototypebased inheritance or class classbased inheritance, retaining similar implementation. See answer to why is oop objectoriented programming the standard paradigm for most software. Since the class is wellencapsulated compared with the function, it is easier to reuse these. Smalltalk is one language which is a pure objectoriented programming language. Objectoriented programming is the most recent concept among programming paradigms and still means different things to different people. A programming language is said to be a true objectoriented programming language if everything it represents is using an object. As object oriented language, it offers bottom to top approach. Each object has its own memory made up by other objects.
Objectoriented programming oop consist of some important concepts namely encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance and abstraction. The call of a method corresponds to a function or procedure call in a nonobjectoriented language such as c or pascal. O1 sends o2 a message o1 and o2 must be related to communicate. In the video below, we have explained the basic concepts of object oriented programming with help of. Stroustrup design patterns gamma, helm, johnson,vlissides objectoriented analysis and design with applications g. The highlevel programming languages are broadly categorized in to two categories. Objectoriented programming oop is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data, in the form of fields often known as attributes or properties, and code, in the form of procedures often known as methods.
C with classes multiparadigm language as object oriented language. The first oopl was simula, a simulation creation tool developed in 1960. A feature of objects is an objects procedures that can access and often modify the data fields of the object with which they are associated objects. These features are generally referred to as the oops concepts. If you are new to object oriented approach for software development, an object in oop has some state and behavior. A program is a set of objects telling each other what to do by sending messages. He initially called the new language c with classes.
Characteristics of an object oriented programming language class. Pdf object oriented programming principles francis. Object oriented programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism etc the programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as truly objectoriented programming language. If the term objectoriented programming language means anything it must mean a programming language that provides mechanisms that support the objectoriented style of program. Objectoriented programming oop languages are designed to overcome these problems. Objectoriented programming lecture notes download b. Historically, a program has been viewed as a logical procedure that takes input data, processes it, and produces output data. The objectoriented programming course is designed to provide a comprehensive study of the c programming language. An object o1 interacts with another object o2 by calling a method on o2 must be part of the client interface. In traditional programming what weve been doing prior to this point, programs are basically lists of instructions to the computer that define data via objects and then work with that data via statements and. Now well take a step back and consider the programming philosophy underlying classes, known as objectoriented programming oop. Objectoriented programming oop is a programming language model organized around objects rather than actions and data rather than logic. In the video below, we have explained the basic concepts of object oriented programming with help of a very easy to.